Global Order and Geopolitics

Cospaia, Moresnet and Liberland as examples of spontaneous order versus fiscal monopolies. Cospaia is one of the most fascinating “accidents” in history. It was a small strip of land in Italy that became an independent republic for nearly 400 years (1441–1826) simply due to a cartographic mistake. The fortunate error occurred when Pope Eugene IV […]

A historical and strategic assessment of tariffs and managed trade under the EU-Mercosur framework. The word tariff comes from the Arabic rancel, referring to a tax or decree imposed by authority upon subjects. Tariffs, as taxes on imports, have existed for millennia. Precursors can be traced back to ancient Mesopotamia in the second millennium BC,

La caída del Helicoide En la noche de ayer la dictadura bolivariana toco fondo; y con ella el que denominó: “socialismo del siglo XXI”. Con toda la hipocresía propia de quien sabe que ha sojuzgado a su pueblo durante VEINTISIETE AÑOS, Delcy Rodríguez reconoció ante la parodia parlamentaria que en Venezuela “hay presos políticos”. La

A strategic reflection on historical memory, totalitarian ideologies, and the dilemmas of democratic self-defense. A strategic reflection on historical memory, the lessons of communism, and the challenges of protecting democracy from authoritarian ideologies while safeguarding freedom and human rights. Part 2 Is communism impious and unjust? Irrational? Or all three? In our previous article we

– From Civic Association to Corporatist Fusion– Digital Echo Chambers and the Tyranny of the Majority– The Structural Exhaustion of the Welfare State– Belgium as a Structural Mirror– Responsibility, Freedom and the Future of Democratic Societies “Individualism is a reflective and peaceful sentiment that disposes each citizen to isolate himself from the mass of his

Why, if Tocqueville prescribed preventive medicine, does democracy remain in intensive care? A sharp question: if Tocqueville gave us the preventive remedy — associational life and decentralization — why is the patient still in intensive care? Analyzing the security policies of the current Mexican administration through the lens of Alexis de Tocqueville is fascinating, as

Repeated delays of a parliamentary investigation reveal internal fractures within the traditional opposition COALITION YOU SAID… Once again, a parliamentary investigative commission has been postponed. What was publicly framed as coalition cohesion in the Chamber of Deputies revealed, in practice, underlying tension between traditional parties. The delay of the investigation into the acquisition of the

A strategic reflection on historical memory, lived experience under totalitarianism, and the dilemma between freedom of expression and democratic self-defense. A Strategic Reflection on Historical Memory, the Lessons of Communism and the Challenge of Protecting Democracy While Preserving Freedom and Human Rights “Faithful to the tradition of the French Revolution, communist states anathematized emigration, considering

Early signals of pressure gave way to uncertainty, leaving the future of the Venezuelan regime suspended in geopolitical calculation. When political processes begin, credibility depends on whether they are carried through to completion. At the beginning of January, many observers across South America perceived a turning point. A symbolic shift appeared to signal that Venezuela’s

When institutional capture and political spectacle erode democracy, memory and culture become deliberate acts of resistance. The symptoms of systemic corporate capture are visible everywhere. According to recent official data, the United States has already collected at least US$130 billion after President Trump invoked the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to increase tariffs as a